Chronic posterior heel or ankle pain most commonly results from the pathology of the Achilles tendon, its insertion into the calcaneum, or the two associated bursae. Achilles tendinitis or tendinopathy, a very common clinical syndrome, primarily resulting from overuse injuries is often associated with retrocalcaneal bursitis. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of ultrasound-guided steroid injection at retrocalcaneal bursa in cases of Achilles tendinitis and to correlate its clinical outcome with preprocedural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) grading. Sixty-nine patients with clinically and MRI proven Achilles tendinitis were included in the study. MRI findings of tendinitis were graded according to severity. Each patient received an ultrasound-guided injection of 40 mg of methylprednisolone and 1–2 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine into the retrocalcaneal bursa. The outcome was determined and was evaluated in relation to the preprocedural MRI findings. Fifty-seven patients reported at least some relief of symptoms after a follow-up period of 6 months while 12 patients showed no improvement. Shorter duration of symptoms and minor grade MRI findings were associated with complete resolution. Ultrasound-guided steroid injection in retrocalcaneal bursa may be of benefit in the short-term management of clinically and MRI proven Achilles tendinitis.

Background: Stress, depression, and anxiety range between 10% and 12% of mental disorders. Despite this, mental health in India is heavily stigmatized and not frequently discussed. Work-related stress plays a big part in either causing or exacerbating mental health illnesses which in turn affects the complete well-being. Aims and objectives: The study aims to assess depression, anxiety, and stress levels among information technology (IT) employees. Materials and methods: An institution-based cross-sectional design was conducted among IT employees. A standardized psychological screening tool—Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) was used. The data were analyzed for central tendencies as well as for any associations and correlations. Results: The study showed that around 54% of the workers had a positive score for anxiety and 18% of the workers had a positive score for stress and depression on the DASS-21 scale. The association between gender was statistically not significant whereas the association between age group with stress and overall DAS (depression, anxiety, stress) was statistically significant. Conclusion: The study found a prevalence rate of around 18–54% of depression, anxiety, and stress among the IT employees.

Mild to serious bleeding can occur as the major signs and symptoms of thrombocytopenia. Bleeding can be internal or external. Signs and symptoms can appear suddenly or over time. Mild thrombocytopenia often has no signs or symptoms. Severe thrombocytopenia can cause bleeding in almost any part of the body. External bleeding usually is the first sign of a low platelet count. Extrinsic compression due to hematoma, intraneural bleed, and immune-mediated nerve injury has been reported in the literature as mechanisms of neuropathy. Neuropathy due to thrombocytopenia is a rare complication with challenging manifestations. We report a case series of patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who had difficulty in standing and walking. One of the patients regained his muscle strength following the treatment and his quality of life was improved significantly.

Aim and objective: To review recent studies on occurrence and predictors of post-stroke spasticity (PSS) after first-ever stroke. Materials and methods: A systematic search of online databases including PubMed, Elsevier, and Springer was performed for literature describing occurrences and predictors of PSS. These data were collected and analyzed. Results: Nine studies on prevalence including approximately 7,756 participants and 6 studies on predictors of PSS with approximately 755 patients were analyzed. The prevalence of PSS was 7–42% in a maximum 18-month post-stroke follow-up and increased muscle tone, greater severity of paresis, sensory impairment, and low Barthel Index score were predictors of PSS. Conclusion: Under 65 years of age, patients are more prone to developing PSS, mainly in upper limbs at one year. For the determination of PSS prevalence, multiple parameters of spasticity measurement with biomechanical factors are to be needed. Early advanced rehabilitation, with background knowledge of predictors of PSS, the functional ability can be improved to achieve better outcomes and quality of life.