Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common form of a group of progressive neurodegenerative disorders characterized by motor, autonomic, and cognitive disturbances. The prevalence of PD is increasing with age and it affects 1% of the population above 60 years. In light of the demand for alternative measures to control PD, a systematic review is being planned to generate evidence for the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety profile of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of PD. Objectives: The primary objective of the present study is the systematic review of published clinical data in view of the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of PD. Materials and methods: Electronic searches from various online databases and clinical trial registries will be done. A manual search for gray literature will also be done from various sources, e.g., printed journals, conference proceedings, colleges, university libraries, etc. Studies published in the English and Hindi language till March 2019 will be sought. Types of study include randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental trials, single group clinical trials, comparative clinical trials (CCTs), pragmatic trials, and review papers on Ayurvedic management of PD or Kampavata. Three investigators shall independently screen all citations and abstracts identified by a primary comprehensive search to sort out potentially eligible trials and eligible trials will be independently evaluated for inclusion in the review based on the inclusion criteria. Data extraction forms for individual study including methods, participants, intervention, comparator, and the outcome shall be prepared. Each of the included trials will be assessed for risk of bias. Primary data analysis will be done for both qualitative and quantitative data. Heterogeneity among trials will be assessed by inspecting forest plots. If heterogeneity is detected, and it is still considered clinically meaningful to combine studies, a random-effects model will be used. A sensitivity analysis, to investigate the robustness of the results to the quality components will be done, provided there are sufficient trials. A funnel plot will be utilized to indicate publication bias, heterogeneity of results, or differences in the methodological quality. Dissemination: The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. It will also be disseminated electronically and via print. The review may guide healthcare practices and policy-framing in the treatment of PD with Ayurvedic interventions. Trial registration number: PROSPERO 2019: CRD42019131920 Dated 20/12/2019.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common forms of arthritis which is caused by the degeneration of joint cartilage. It is often associated with disability and leads to impairment of quality of life. The clinical picture is similar to the disease Sandhigatavata described in Ayurveda (one among the Vatavyadhi) and is characterized by symptoms such as Sandhi Shoola (joint pain), Sandhishopha (swelling of joint), and Prasarana-Akunchana-Ashakti (difficulty in movements of the joint). The safety of 10 Ayurvedic classical formulations most commonly used in OA was clinically evaluated and the findings are provided in this article. Aim and objective: Critical analysis of clinical safety outcomes of classical Ayurvedic formulations, viz. Vatari Guggulu, Yogaraj Guggulu, Punarnava Guggulu, Maharasnadi Kwatha, Dashmoola Ghrita, Narayan Taila, Kottamchukkadi Taila, Gandharvahasta Taila, Dhanwantara Taila, and Ksheerbala Taila in patients of OA, generated through studies at different Institutes of Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS). Materials and methods: Data collected from four different clinical studies completed in multiple centers of CCRAS were retrospectively evaluated to assess the safety profile of 10 formulations that are commonly used in OA. Evaluation of safety was done by analyzing liver function tests (LFT) and renal function tests (RFT) before and after the trial period. Paired sample t-test was used to compare mean change from baseline to the 84th day. A p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Conclusion: The findings in four different clinical studies reveal that all ten formulations are clinically safe in patients belonging to various age groups, gender, geographical area, and Prakriti.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease and is the commonest form of arthritis. It is the fourth leading cause of disability worldwide. Most of this disability burden is attributable to the involvement of the hips or the knee. Objectives: To assess the clinical efficacy of Upanaha with Vachadi Churna in the management of OA knee concerning pain and stiffness of joints. Materials and methods: It was an open-label, multicentric, single-arm, prospective, clinical study. Sixty subjects of primary OA knee aged between 35 years and 65 years fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of American College of Rheumatology (ACR) for OA knee and showing radiological changes of OA knee were enrolled in the study. Upanaha with Vachadi Churna was done over the affected knee for 14 days. The primary outcome was to see any change in pain and stiffness of joints which was assessed on the visual analog scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The assessment was done on the 7th and 14th day and 1 week after completion of therapy, i.e., 21st day. Results: The mean pain score as assessed by VAS, reduced significantly from 64.48 at baseline to 31.95 at the end of the treatment period of 14 days (p value < 0.001). The mean stiffness score assessed on VAS also reduced significantly from 39.68 at baseline to 16.0 after 14 days (p value < 0.001). Significant change in total WOMAC score was also observed, which reduced from mean baseline score of 48.02 to 26.98 till the end of the intervention period of 14 days (p value < 0.001). Significant improvement in cardinal features of osteoarthritis was also observed after completion of therapy. Conclusion: This study substantiates the efficacy of Upanaha with Vachadi Churna in the management of OA knee.

Avabahuka (frozen shoulder) is a type of Vata Vyadhi caused by vitiated Vata Dosha with Anubhandha of Kapha Dosha. The symptoms of Avabahuka can be corelated with the symptoms of adhesive capsulitis, which is commonly known as frozen shoulder. Being a disease of shoulder joint, which has the greatest range of motion, it seriously affects the routine day to day activities. A 47-year-old female presented to the OPD of Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Mother and Child Health (RARIMCH), Nagpur, Maharashtra, with pain and restricted movement in the right shoulder since 6 months, having undergone conventional treatment without any significant improvement. As Amsa-Sandhi (shoulder joint) is a seat of Kapha Dosha and considering Vata-Kapha Dushti in Avabahuka, the Vata-Kapha pacifying management was planned for the present case. Comprehensive Ayurvedic modalities, consisting of Balataila Snehana, Sarvanga Bashpa Swedana, Patrapinda Sweda, and Anutaila Nasya along with Mahayograja Guggulu and Maharasnadi Kwatha, were administered for 2 months. The range of movements improved gradually from 50° to 100° for abduction, 70° to 110° for flexion, and 15° to 50° for extension. VAS score for pain in the right shoulder was 7 before treatment, which came down to 4 after first course of treatment regimen and gradually to 3 after completion of the treatment.