Precision medicine also known as “personalized medicine” is a healthcare delivery system based on identifying biomarkers using genomics to link endotypes with phenotypes. Significant overlap exists between different phenotypes. Endotyping helps in giving a more precise definition of the phenotypes. However, it has proved to be most helpful in the development of therapeutics in oncology. Precision medicine has been brought to much more common use with COVID-19 with various drugs developed targeting interleukins. Precision medicine is now being actively developed for the management of infectious diseases and chronic and lifestyle diseases. Various challenges still exist in the path of future development of precision medicine such as cost, ethics, incorporation of machine learning, and availability of trained manpower to manage the data and algorithms. In this review, we will discuss the growth and challenges precision medicine faces in the field of respiratory care.
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