Journal on Recent Advances in Pain

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VOLUME 5 , ISSUE 1 ( January-April, 2019 ) > List of Articles

CASE REPORT

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding after Epidural Corticosteroid Injection: A Case Report

Nana D Morkane

Keywords : Bleeding, Epidural steroid, Hypothalamus, Menorrhagia, Transforaminal

Citation Information : Morkane ND. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding after Epidural Corticosteroid Injection: A Case Report. J Recent Adv Pain 2019; 5 (1):20-21.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10046-0129

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 01-08-2019

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2019; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: To draw attention to the uncommon consequences that can arise after standard procedures like epidural steroid injections. Background: Epidural steroid injections have become a standard treatment modality for the management of chronic lumbar radiculopathy. They have shown good efficacy in relieving low back and radicular pain, but adverse reactions have also been reported. Abnormal vaginal bleeding is one such adverse reaction which needs to be treated on priority. Case description: A 42-year-old female patient came with chronic lower back pain and left lower limb radicular pain with MRI showing left paracentral disk protrusion at L4–5, with narrowing of neural foramen and L4 nerve root indentation. She was treated with left L4–5 transforaminal epidural steroid injection under fluoroscopic guidance. She had good pain relief after the procedure, but after one week, the patient experienced unusually heavy and painful menstrual bleeding which was not her regular menstrual cycle bleeding. The bleeding continued for 7 days and stopped without any treatment. After 10 days severe bleeding started again. She was given oral hormonal pills by the gynecologist, and bleeding was controlled in 3–4 days. In the next menstrual cycle, she had abnormal heavy bleeding and the gynecologist put her on medications for a month. After this episode, her menstrual cycle was totally normal and there were no complaints of bleeding or radicular pain on subsequent monthly follow-ups for next 4 months. Conclusion: We postulate that the introduction of exogenous corticosteroids directly into the neuraxial space can initiate a negative feedback loop on the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis. This may lead to decreased levels of circulating hormones, resulting in episodes of abnormal uterine bleeding in female patients. Clinical significance: Reporting such cases will make pain physicians more aware of uncommon consequences after standard procedures and start informing women that abnormal vaginal bleeding is a potential risk following procedures with corticosteroids.


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