Journal on Recent Advances in Pain

Register      Login

VOLUME 4 , ISSUE 3 ( September-December, 2018 ) > List of Articles

CASE REPORT

Intractable Headache due to Spontaneous Dural Leak Treated with Fluoroscopic-guided Epidural Blood Patch: Two Case Reports

Shantanu P Mallick

Keywords : Cervical epidural, Dural leak, Epidural blood patch, Spontaneous headache, Transforaminal epidural

Citation Information : Mallick SP. Intractable Headache due to Spontaneous Dural Leak Treated with Fluoroscopic-guided Epidural Blood Patch: Two Case Reports. J Recent Adv Pain 2018; 4 (3):105-109.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10046-0119

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 01-12-2018

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2018; The Author(s).


Abstract

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is recognized as a cause of headache due to decreased intracranial pressure. Spontaneous intractable headache was developed in a 43-yearold man and in a 26-year-old female which was diagnosed on computed tomography (CT). Myelography imaging with a generous CSF leak was identified at C6 in a male patient and right side L4-5 level and left side D12-L1 level in the female patient. Successful treatment was performed by fluoroscopyguided epidural blood patch at the leakage site. Image-guided precise placement of the blood patch is safe and recommended which gives dramatic relief of symptoms.


PDF Share
  1. Schievink W, Meyer F, Atkinson J, Mokri B. Spontaneous spinal CSF leafs and intracranial hypotension. J Neurosurg 1996;84:598-605.
  2. Terjima K, Oi Y, Ogura A, Sakai N, Takei M, Tamaki T, Ogawa R. Blood patch therapy for spontaneous intracranial hypotension: safe performance after epidurography in an unconscious patient. Anesth Anal 2002;94:959-961.
  3. Correia I, Marques IB, Ferreira R, Cordeiro M, Sousa L. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension treated with a targeted CT-guided epidural blood patch. Case reports in medicine. 2016;2016.
  4. Schievink WI. Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Cephalalgia. 2008 Dec;28(12):13451-13456.
  5. Schievink WI. Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks and intracranial hypotension. JAMA. 2006 May 17;295(19):2286-96.
  6. Mokri B, Maher CO, Sencakova D. Spontaneous CSF leaks: underlying disorders of connective tissue. Neurology 2002;58:814-816
  7. Horikoshi T, Ikegawa H, Uchida M, Takahashi T, Watanabe A, Umeda T. Tracer clearance in Radionucleotide Cisternography in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Cephalgia 2006 Aug;26(8):1010-1015.
  8. Schdedt TJ, Dodick DW. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Current Pain and Headache Reports. 2007;2(1):56-61.
  9. Couch JR, Parsson J. Treatment of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension with epidural blood patch. Neurology. 2011;76(1):1139-1144.
  10. Wendl CM, Schambach F, Zimmer C, Förschler A. CT myelography for the planning and guidance of targeted epidural blood patches in patients with persistent spinal CSF leakage. American Journal of Neuroradiology. 2012 Mar 1;33(3):541-544.
  11. Schievink WI. Spontaneous spinal CSF leaks: A review. Neurosurgery Focus 2000;9:e8
  12. Cho KI, Moon HS, Jeon HJ, Park K, Kong DS. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: efficacy of radiologic targeting vs blind blood patch. Neurology. 2011 Mar 29;76(13):1139-1144.
  13. Amoozegar F, Guglielmin D, Hu W, Chan D, Becker WJ. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: recommendations for management. Can J Neurol Sci. 2013 Mar;40(2):144-157.
  14. Chung SJ, Lee JH, Im JH, Lee MC. Short-and long-term outcomes of spontaneous CSF hypovolemia. European neurology. 2005;54(2):63-67.
  15. Ferrante E, Arpino I, Citterio A. Is it a rational choice to treat with lumbar epidural blood patch for headache caused by spontaneous cervical CSF leak? Cephalgia 2006;26::1245-1246.
  16. Beards SC, Jackson A, Griffiths AG, Horsman EL. MRI of extradural blood patch: Appearances from 30 mins to 18 hours. Br J Anaesth 1993;71:182-188.
  17. Hannerz J, Dahlgern G, Irestedt L, Mayerson B, Ericson K. Treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypotension: cervicothoracic and lumbar blood patch and peroral steroid treatment. Headache 2006;46:508-11
  18. Nowak DA, Takano B, Topka H. Spontaneous CSF hypovolaemia: A therapeutic dilemma. Eur J Neurol 2006;13:1128-1138.
  19. Diaz JH. Epidemiology and outcome of postural headache management in Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2001;26:582-587.
  20. Cousin MJ, Brazier D, Cook R. Intracranial Hypotension caused by cervical CSF leak: treatment with EBP. Anesth Anal 2004;98:1794-1797.
  21. Mokri B. Headache caused by decreased intracranial pressure: diagnosis and management. Curr Opin Neurol 2003;16:319-326
  22. Rai A, Rosen C, Carpenter J, Miele V. Epidural Blood Patch at C2: diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Am J Neuroradiol 2005;26:2663-2666.
  23. Peng PW, Farb R. Spontaneous C1-2 CSF leak treated with high cervical epidural blood patch. Can J Neurol Sci 2008;35:102-105.
  24. Hayek SM, Fattouh M, Dews T, Kapural L, Malak O, Mekhail N. Successful treatment of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak headache with fluoroscopically guided epidural blood patch: a report of four cases. Pain Medicine. 2003 Dec 1;4(4):373-378.
  25. Perez M, Olmos M, Garrido FJ. Facial nerve paralysis after EBP. Reg Anesth 1993;18:196-198.
  26. Kardash K, Morrow F, Beique F. Seizures after EBP with undiagnosed subdural hematoma. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2002;27:433-436.
  27. Riley CA, Spiegel JE. Complications following large volume of EBPs for post-dural puncture headache. Lumbar subdural hematoma and arachnoiditis: initial cause or final effect? J Clin Anesth 2009;21:355-359.
  28. Hodges S, Castleburg R, Miller T, Ward R, Thomburg C. Cervical epidural steroid injection with intrinsic spinal cord damage: two case reports. Spine 1998;23:2137-2140
  29. Brouwers P, Kottink E, Simon M, Prevo R. A cervical spinal artery syndrome after diagnostic blocked of right C6 nerve root. Pain 2001;91:397-399.
  30. Rozin L, Rozin R, Koehler SA, Shakir A, Ladham S, Barmada M, Dominick J, Wecht CH. Death during transforaminal epidural steroid nerve root block (C7) due to perforation of the left vertebral artery. The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology. 2003 Dec 1;24(4):351-355.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.