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VOLUME 11 , ISSUE 2 ( April-June, 2022 ) > List of Articles

CASE REPORT

Hepatopulmonary Syndrome and Portopulmonary Hypertension Coexisting in a Case of Wilson's Disease Cirrhosis: “Double Trouble”

V. V. S. S. Sagar, Gajendra Agrawal, Chitturi Venkata Sai Akhil

Keywords : Endothelin, hepatic, hypertension, hypoxia, neuropsychiatric

Citation Information : Sagar VV, Agrawal G, Akhil CV. Hepatopulmonary Syndrome and Portopulmonary Hypertension Coexisting in a Case of Wilson's Disease Cirrhosis: “Double Trouble”. Indian J Respir Care 2022; 11 (2):176-180.

DOI: 10.4103/ijrc.ijrc_150_21

License: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Published Online: 06-12-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2022; Indian Journal of Respiratory Care.


Abstract

Wilson's disease is one of the infrequent causes of hepatic failure with a wide clinical spectrum. Hepatic and neuropsychiatric manifestations are the most common, whereas atypical presentations were also reported as the complications of hepatic failure such as hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) and portopulmonary hypertension (POPH). These are considered pulmonary complications of hepatic disease with underlying complex pathology and various vasoactive substances such as endothelin 1 and nitric oxide on the pulmonary blood vessels. HPS usually presents with breathlessness and central cyanosis. The triad of HPS comprises dilatation of pulmonary vasculature, intrapulmonary shunting, and hypoxia, whereas POPH causes vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling leading to increased resistance in pulmonary blood vessels and subsequent right ventricular dysfunction. In this case report, we highlight two antagonistic pathological processes coexisting in the same patient.


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