Sit to Stand Test: A Simple Functional Performance Test to Assess the Exercise Capacity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients and its Correlation with Severity of the Disease
Rajat Agarwal, Himalaya Singh, Rajesh Agarwal, Rishi Rana, Rishi Kumarsaini
Keywords :
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Forced expiratory volume1, Sit to stand test
Citation Information :
Agarwal R, Singh H, Agarwal R, Rana R, Kumarsaini R. Sit to Stand Test: A Simple Functional Performance Test to Assess the Exercise Capacity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients and its Correlation with Severity of the Disease. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2018; 3 (1):1-4.
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an obstructive lung disease. It occurs due to increased activity of oxidants combined with reduced activity of antioxidants. It is currently the 4th leading cause of death worldwide, projected to be 3rd by 2020. It has been proven that individual who develops COPD, gradually develops reduction in the strength of the peripheral muscles that will lead to further decrement in the physical activity and impaired mobility. These events gradually develop a vicious cycle.
In the recent years we have developed many tools to evaluate or quantify the impaired physical activity which will help us to take certain measures to limit these and to improve the overall physical and mental health.
There are various exercise performance test available to assume the physical activity impairment in COPD patients, like 6 minute walk test, incremental workload test, but lacunae with these test is that they require skilled personnel and various equipments. So, due to these reasons these tests could not be performed in many of the centers, to overcome these lacunae a simple test has been derived, i.e. sit to stand (STS) test. The advantage with this test is that it is easier to perform and does not require huge space and personnel.
Aim and objectives: The goal of our study is to assess:
• Exercise capacity in COPD patients
• Correlation of STS test with severity of disease (COPD)
Methods: Consecutives, stable COPD patients were examined in outpatient department of Chest and Tuberculosis (TB), a tertiary care hospital (Rohilkhand Medical College) during a period of 6 months (March–August 2017). The diagnosis and severity of COPD were assessed by spirometry and the global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) guidelines. STS test was executed according to a standardised protocol.
Patient was asked to sit without any assistance and to stand completely straight. Patient was asked to perform as many repetitions as feasible in 30 seconds. During the tests performed, the severity of dyspnea (modified Borg scale), oxygen saturation, heart rate were measured. Statistical analysis was done using EpiInfo version 7.2.
Results: Total 46 stable COPD patients (mean age 59.69±11.77 years, mean forced expiratory volume (FEV1) 40.02% ± 19.41%) were analyzed. During STS test, there was rise in heart rate, fall in oxygen saturation, and increase in dyspnea score which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Mean repetitions in GOLD I and II COPD patients was 11, in GOLD III and IV COPD patients was 9.7886 in 30 seconds STS test (number of repetitions) was significantly correlated with FEV1 (p < 0.05).
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